Fisiologia Vegetal Taiz Volumen 1 ((INSTALL))
Fisiologia Vegetal Taiz Volumen 1
The interaction of crop rotation in nutrient cycling exist. To show this, we performedactions in pots of 25 L during 20 months (weeks 35-55 of the dry season). If theplant is a crop, then it absorbs nutrients during the cultivation period.This period is decisive to the production and consumption of the elements andto the yield. For example, the fertilization of nitrogen to the crops duringthe 100 days of cultivation is the most responsible for the nitrogen deposit in thesoil, thus causing the nitrogen overload in the soil. If, on the other hand, theplant is of perennial character, then it maintains the soil in a balanced condition byreleasing nutrients over the cultivation period (Rangaswami, 1976).
We performed the balancing of the soil during the 70 days of the drainageand irrigation period, in which nutrients were expected to be readily availablefor the growth of the grass (Wang et al., 2008). It was necessary to perform thisactions due to the low percentage of nutrients (mainly N and K) in the soil at thebeginning of the drainage and irrigation period (initially, only K waspresent, then N also). During the soybean harvest, the drainage and irrigationwere performed in protocols as described before, with the same treatmentreceived by the plants of the study, considering 60 days of cultivation (100 dsoil drainage, 30 d in the growth and reproduction stage and 10 d for thedispersal of seeds).
The amount of salts in the plants was evaluated by analyzing the amountof weight loss by drying the dry matter (DM). The differences in the saltinessof the plants are shown by the loss of weight (Taiz & Zeiger, 2013), causedby water evaporation of the N and K salts stored in the plant. The results forthe control and fertilized plants are shown in Figure 1. The results show that theNa+ concentration was higher in the plants not fertilized during the entireperiod of cultivation; this result did not occur in the plant fertilized at50 Mg N/ha.
In our experiment, the combination of IBA and IAA presented the best rooting (Table 1). These results are explained by the fact that the effect of auxins on cell division and expansion has been a major focus of research in plant tissue culture growing systems. Studies have shown that natural auxin increases the rate of cell division and the formation of microcalli (Álvarez et al., 2016; Sawhney et al., 2011). Still, other studies have demonstrated that the auxin response is more specific according to tissue and cell type. For example, in Micrococcus luteus, auxin increases cell division but not cell elongation (Baniahmad et al., 2012). Similarly, auxin promotes chloroplast division (Zhang et al., 2017), increases protein synthesis and accumulation in vivo (Guse et al., 2008), and increases root hair formation in lateral roots of Arabidopsis (Sanchez-Bayo et al., 2012).
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